A microgrid is a small power system composed of distributed energy sources (such as solar, wind, gas turbines, diesel generators, etc.), energy storage devices, loads (electricity users), and monitoring and protection devices. It can achieve self-control, protection, and management, and can operate both in parallel with the external power grid and independently when disconnected from the power grid (i.e. "islanding mode"). It is an important technical means to integrate distributed energy, improve energy utilization efficiency, and ensure the reliability of power supply.